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 TM 9-8000
combat vehicles are tanks, self-propelled artillery, missile
greater firepower and mobility has resulted in an
launchers, and armored cars. The majority of combat
increasing use of lightweight armor on vehicle bodies and
vehicles at the present time are tracked vehicles, but this
hulls. The reduction in vehicle weight enables some
is not a requirement of this classification. Due to their
vehicles that would otherwise be too heavy to take part in
missions, combat vehicles usually are equipped with both
airborne operations; it also improves their amphibious
armor and armament; however, certain antitank vehicles
capabilities. Weight reduction in the newer types of
are unarmored and depend upon their decreased
combat vehicles is largely due to extensive use of
silhouette and increased speed and maneuverability for
aluminum in their construction, including aluminum
protection. A continuing demand for
armor.
Section VI. CLASSIFICATION OF VEHICLES
d. Trailers. Trailers are vehicles designed to be
1-18. General. The term vehicle, as used in the Army,
towed and are provided with a drawbar or tongue for
includes all wheeled and tracked equipment, all chassis
attachment to a coupling mounted on the towing vehicle.
powered by a self-contained power unit, and trailers and
semitrailers towed by vehicles. (See para 1-13 for
e.
Semitrailers.
Semitrailers
are
vehicles
characteristics.)
designed to be towed and are supported in part by a
prime mover (towing vehicle) through a fifth wheel or
1-19. Classification According to Design.
similar coupling.
a. General Transport Vehicles. General transport
1-20. Classification by Ground Contact. Under this
vehicles are motor vehicles designed to be
used
general classification, vehicles may be further
interchangeably for movement of personnel and cargo
subclassified into wheeled and tracked vehicles.
and used to satisfy general automotive transport needs
without modification to the chassis. The 2 1/2-ton, 6 x 6
a. Wheeled vehicles may be classified by the
cargo truck is an example of a general transport vehicle.
number of wheels and the number of driving wheels.
Where such data as 4 x 4, 6 x 6, 8 x 8, etc, appear in
b. Special Equipment Vehicles. Special equipment
vehicular nomenclature, the first figure indicates total
vehicles are general transport vehicles that have had
number of wheels and the second figure indicates
some minor modifications such as a special body or
number of driving wheels.
special equipment mounted thereon. The ordnance shop
truck (ordnance maintenance truck, 2 1/2-ton, 6 x 6) is in
Vehicle has four
Vehicle has four
this class because a special body to house shop
wheels
driving wheels
equipment has been mounted on the chassis of a
4x4
general transport vehicle, 2 112-ton, 6 x 6.
It should be noted that all six-wheel vehicles have three
c. Special Purpose Vehicles. Special purpose
axles; that is, wheels are considered a unit whether they
vehicles are motor vehicles designed and intended for a
are single (one tire) or dual (two tires).
specialized requirement for which no general transport
b. Tracked vehicles are so called because the
vehicle chassis can be adapted. This category includes
tracks serve the purpose of providing a supporting
items that are specified from time to time by agencies
platform of relatively large area under the road or
other than the Army Materiel Command. That agency,
suspension wheels of the vehicles.
however, retains the responsibility for the basic
components of the vehicle. All tractors, regardless of
size or intended purpose, are classified as special
purpose vehicles.
1-4
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